An evolutionary expert system tree method to study air combat decision-making is proposed in it solves the problem associated with the inability of traditional expert system methods to cope with unexpected situations. In addition, there are methods that consider unilateral optimization, focusing on the optimization of their own strategies, as opposed to predicting and analyzing opponents’ strategies these mainly include intelligent methods, guidance laws, and expert systems methods, etc.

Their main characteristics are to factor an opponent’s strategy into the analysis, and to emphasize the antagonism between two or more sides. The above models are mainly game methods applying the strategies of two or more sides, which can be categorized as matrix games and differential games. An algorithm combining game theory and a deep reinforcement learning algorithm to study the maneuvering decision problem of close-range air combat were proposed in. An iterative algorithm for online integral strategy combining approximate dynamic programming and a zero-sum game was proposed in. Meng used a multi-state transition Markov network to construct a maneuvering decision network, which met the real-time requirements of air combat decision-making but did not use network parameters for learning. Addressing the decision problem of air combat maneuvers under the condition of certain battlefield environmental information, Dr. Therefore, every maneuver will directly affect the development of the process.ĭespite the numerous achievements in air combat maneuver decision-making in a battlefield environment, few studies have focused on uncertain battlefield environment information. The purpose of air combat maneuver decisions is to obtain an optimal air combat situation, i.e., to threaten the target fighter and carry out effective attacks, to get rid of the lock of a target fighter and get out of danger.

A lack of a definite pattern or method for soldiers, as well as incomplete combat rules, will lead to explosive growth in the game solution space. Moreover, fighters are always in high-speed motion and lots of players are involved in the game. Since an air combat environment often contains complex factors such as uncertainty and incompleteness, it poses severe challenges for air combat decision making. Fighters make maneuver decisions according to rapidly changing information in air combat situations.

Close-range air combat is a game process involving a target it is characterized by high-level dynamics and intense confrontation. In recent years, the decision problem of close-range air combat has become a hot topic.

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